1: Composition ranges for Glass Fibers Compo-sition range Glass fibers have a very high tensile strength but are brittle because of their extreme sensitivity to cracks and surface defects. Another feature of glass fiber is that it melts at around 1000˚C, so that in the untreated form, it is unsuitable for applications at higher temperatures. It can be applied directly to the fabric, either as a very thin foil or supported on a thin polyester film. Their performance against radiant heat can be greatly improved by the application of an aluminum reflective layer to one surface.

Glass fabric provides good protection against the former, because they generally have low coefficients of thermal conductivity (around 0.6W m -1K -1). In earlier times such fibers were used for printed circuit boards. Glass fibers are also heat-resistant material. Therefore, it is important to apply suitable size to the glass yarn to minimize the inter-fiber friction and to hold the individual fibers together in the strand. As a result, glass yarns are easy to break in textile processing. It has been shown that the specific flexural rigidity of glass fiber is 0.89 mNmm 2 tex -2 about 4.5 times more rigid than wool. Glass filament yarns are brittle compared with the conventional textile yarns. Because of its properties and low cost, glass fiber is widely used in the manufacture of reinforcement for composites. It has been used for fire-retardant applications and also is commonly used in insulation of buildings. Glass is an incombustible textile fiber and has high tenacity too. This hard and rigid material can also be made into fine, and glossy fibres which looks very beautiful, and feels like silk. This appealing material has found its way into the textile industry as well. This material has many applications as mirrors, utensils, furniture, windows, and artworks. Glass is a material which attracts people with its glossy shine. Raw material such as silicates, soda, clay, limestone, boric acid, fluorspar or various metallic oxides are blended to from a glass batch which is melted in a furnace and refined during lateral flow to the fore hearth. Revolutionary and evolutionary technology continues to improve manufacturing processes for continuous glass fibre production. Continuous glass fibre were first manufactured in substantial quantities by Owens corning textile products in the 1930’s for high temperature electrical applications. The French scientist, Reaumur, considered the potential of forming fine glass fibres for woven glass articles as early as the 18 th century. High strength glass fibres combine high temperature durability, stability, transparency, and resilience at a very reasonable cost-weight-performance.Īncient Egyptians made containers of coarse fibres drawn from heat softened glass. Later in 1968 S-2 Glass® fibre began evolving into a variety of commercial applications. In the early 1960’s high strength glass fibres, S Glass, were first used in joint work between Owens corning textile products and the United States Air Force. During 1942 glass fibre reinforced composites was first used in structural aerospace part.

By the 1800s, luxury brocades were manufactured by co-weaving glass with silk, and at the Columbia Exhibition of 1893, Edward Libbey of Toledo exhibited dresses, ties and lamp-shades woven from glass fibre.Ĭontinuous glass fibres, first conceived and manufactured during 1935 in Newark, Ohio, started a revolution in reinforced composite material. Napoleon’s funeral coffin was decorated with glass fibre textiles. In the 1700s, Reaumur recognised that glass could be finely spun into fibre that was sufficiently pliable to be woven into textiles. Keywords: S-2 Glass, C Glass, AR Glass, D Glass, ECRGLAS, R Glass, E Glass. Total world consumption of “textile” glass in technical applications was some 2.3 million tonnes per annum in 1995 and was over 2.9 million tonnes at 2000, representing over 20% of all technical fibre consumption. The potential adoption of high volume glass-reinforcement for metal body parts and components, as well as by manufacturing industry in general for all sorts of industrial and domestic equipment, promises major new markets. Glass fibres are used in the manufacture of structural composites, printed circuit boards and a wide range of special-purpose products. They are readily produced from raw material, which are available in virtually unlimited supply. Glass fibres are among the most versatile industrial materials known today.

Density of glass